Well pump types, explained

Pumps and tanks

EPA says submersible pumps are the most common pumps for deep private wells. The pump sits inside the well casing.

University of Nebraska Extension says a submersible pump and motor are one unit, about 3.5 inches wide and 2 to 3 feet long, and must be pulled from the well for repairs.

Nebraska Extension says shallow-well jet pumps serve water less than 25 feet down, and deep-well jet pumps serve water 25 to 250 feet down.

Nebraska Extension says the pressure tank stores water under pressure and lets the pump start and stop less often, prolonging pump life.

Nebraska Extension says the most common private water system is a drilled well with a submersible pump and a pressure tank, plus a pressure switch.

EPA describes the pitless adapter as the connector that keeps the water line below the frost line while keeping a sanitary seal.

The Minnesota Department of Health says jet pumps usually have lower operating pressure and lower water yield than submersible pumps.

Sources: Jet pumps for shallow wells; Submersible size and service; Most common setup; Jet pumps: lower pressure

How long a pump lasts

Nebraska Extension says a pressure tank lasts about 10 years, although some have worked properly for 30 years. It did not give a figure for the pump itself.

Nebraska Extension says a well usually lasts about 50 years, depending on water quality, since minerals can clog the screen and pump.

Nebraska Extension says a correctly sized pressure tank lets the pump start less often, which prolongs pump life.

Source: Pressure tank life