Nitrate in well water
EPA's drinking water limit (MCL) for nitrate is 10 milligrams per liter, measured as nitrogen. Infants under six months who drink water above it could become seriously ill.
Why nitrate matters
EPA explains that high nitrate or nitrite can cause methemoglobinemia, or blue baby syndrome, which reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen.
EPA lists chemical fertilizers, human sewage and animal waste as nitrate sources that can reach a private well.
The Minnesota Department of Health says bottle-fed babies under six months old are at the highest risk.
The Minnesota Department of Health warns that boiling does not make high-nitrate water safe; it concentrates the nitrate. Use a safe source such as bottled water for formula.
The Minnesota Department of Health advises testing your well before bringing a new baby home.
Texas A&M AgriLife Extension explains the nitrate-nitrogen limit is 10 milligrams per liter, which is the same as 10 parts per million.
Sources: EPA limit is 10 mg/L; Blue baby syndrome; Bottle-fed babies most at risk; Texas A&M: the 10 mg/L standard
Common questions
Is nitrate in well water dangerous for babies?
EPA's drinking water limit (MCL) for nitrate is 10 milligrams per liter, measured as nitrogen. Infants under six months who drink water above it could become seriously ill.